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» Home » Real Analysis »

Dedekind Property

Theorem: If A and B are two non-empty subsets of R such that (i) , (ii) , then eitherA has the greatest member orB has the least member.


Proof: By (ii), the non-empty set A is bounded above. If A has the greatest member, it establishes the theorem. If A has no greatest member, then by completeness axiom, inR, B being the set of upper bounds of A it has a least member. Hence the theorem.


Theorem: Dedekind’s Property is equivalent to completeness axiom inR.

Proof: In the pervious theorem it is shown that the completeness axiom inR implies Dedekind’s property. It remains to show that the Dedekind’s property implies the completeness axiom.
            Let S be a non-empty set bounded above and sets and be defined by
                       
                       
            It evidently follows thatA andB are non-empty, disjoint and (i) , (ii) . Therefore, by Dedekind’s property eitherA has the greatest member orB has the least member. If possible, supposeA has then greatest member, say. Then,  such that , since  is an upper bound ofS. This contradiction leads to the fact thatA has no greatest member. And so,B has the least member. Hence, the set of upper bounds of a non-empty setS bounded above has a least member, which is the completeness axiom inR. Hence the theorem.


Theorem: Between any two distinct real numbers there exist infinitely many rational numbers.  

Theorem: Between any two distinct real numbers there exist infinitely many irrational numbers.




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