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Nature of Functions:
I. One – One Function:
Let 'A' and 'B' be any two non–empty sets then a function ' ' from A to B is called one–one function, if and only if distinct elements of set A have distinct elements of set B.
e.g. , 

In Mathematically,
Let be a function then ' ' is called one–one function iff
(i) 
(ii) 
II. Onto Function:
Let 'A' and 'B' be any two non–empty sets then a function ' ' from A to B is called onto function iff
Range of 
e.g. , 

Range of 
III. Bijective Function:
A function which is one–one as well as onto function is called bijective function.
e.g. , 

Periodic Function:
A function is said to be periodic if there is a positive number such that

The smallest such value of is called the period of

 


Operations on Functions:
If ' ' and ' ' are the functions of 'x'; then the sum of , difference of and quotient are defined as.
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