The word matrix was first introduced by English Mathematician Jame Sylverter (1814-1897). Another Mathematician Arther Caylay (1821-1895) also developed the theory of matrices independently and used it for solving the linear equations. Now a days, matrices (plural of matrix) are used in high speed computers and other branches of natural & social sciences to solve their problems. We see around us that the students in schools are gathered in assembly in rows (horizontal lines) and columns (vertical lines) , chairs in the class-rooms are arranged in rows and columns etc. This type of arrangement is called matrix arrangement or simply matrix. Hence, when objects are arranged into rows and columns, then such arrangement is called a Matrix.